Change of internal energy in a chemical reaction: The energy associated with the random, disordered motion of molecules is called Internal energy. Internal energy is a state property i.e. its…
The quantity U + PV is known as the enthalpy of the system. It is denoted by H. It represents the total energy stored in the system. Thus H =…
Spontaneous reaction is those which proceed at very fast rate. A chemical reaction which is accompanied by evolution of heat is known as exothermic reaction. Spontaneous reactions are also known…
If the free energy change i.e. ∆G of a chemical reaction is positive, the reaction would not proceed. If the free energy change i.e. ∆G of a chemical reaction is…
Mathematically, G = H – TS At constant temperature, ∆G = ∆H – T∆S Hence two factors contribute to the value of free energy ∆G. One is energy factor ∆H…
The state at which the concentrations of reactants and products do not change with of a chemical reaction is known as chemical equilibrium. When the reactants are mixed together in…
Norwegian Chemists Waage and Gulberg were the ones who gave us law of mass action. This law of mass action suggest a quantitative relationship between the rates of the reaction…
Stoichiometric coefficient: The number of molecules of a reactant taking part in a reaction is known as Stoichiometric coefficient. For example: Consider the following equation: aA + bB ⇌ cC…
There are two types of chemical equilibria: 1. Homogeneous equilibrium 2. Heterogeneous equilibrium 1. Homogeneous equilibrium: The equilibrium reactions in which all the reactants and the products are in the…
Applications of the equilibrium constant 1. The magnitude of the equilibrium constant : The magnitude of the equilibrium constant K means the extent to which a reaction can proceed i.e.…
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